The Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation and Photoreactivation [electronic resource]
This chapter discusses the union of biological phenomenology and biochemical and physical techniques. Enzymes are inactivated by ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage to the aromatic amino acids and tryptophan and particularly to cystine. Protein damage is not important in killing bacteria, with the possi...
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Online Access |
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| Corporate Author: | |
| Format: | Government Document Electronic eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Washington, D.C. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. :
U.S. Atomic Energy Commission ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Department of Energy,
1968.
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| Subjects: |
| Summary: | This chapter discusses the union of biological phenomenology and biochemical and physical techniques. Enzymes are inactivated by ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage to the aromatic amino acids and tryptophan and particularly to cystine. Protein damage is not important in killing bacteria, with the possible exception of the UV-resistant <em>Micrococcus radiodurans</em>. Pyrimidine dimers contribute to the biological effects of UV. Such dimers block DNA synthesis in bacterial cells and can inactivate purified transforming DNA. Pyrimidine dimers can be produced in any pair of adjacent pyrimidine residues. The cellular mechanisms for repairing pyrimidine-dimer damage in the DNA of bacteria and bacterial viruses are: (1) the dimers might be monomerized by a photoreactivating enzyme in the presence of light and (2) the dimers might be excised from the DNA, and, depending on the particular cellular system, might appear in the acid-soluble fraction of the cell, in the medium outside the cell, or in oligonucleotides that are too large to be acid-soluble. The excision mechanism is a first step in the repair of a wide range of damages in DNA as well as UV lesions. Cystine/Radioinduced Molecular Changes In, Review Of Uv; Enzymes/Radioinduced Molecular Changes In, Review Of Uv; Schizomycota/ Micrococcus Radiodurans, Radiation Effects On, Review Of Molecular Basis Of Lethal Uv; Dyes/Radioprotective Effects Of, Review Of Uv; Ultraviolet Radiation/ Effects On Biologically Significant Molecules, Repair Of, By Excision And Photoreactivation; Amino Acids/Radioinduced Molecular Changes In Aromatic, Review Of Uv; Mutations/Radioinduced, In Biological Systems, Uv; Tryptophan/Radioinduced Molecular Changes In, Review Of Uv; Pyrimidine/Radioinduced Dimers Of, Repair Of Uv; Ultraviolet Radiation/Effects At Molecular Level In Biological Systems, Review Of; Nucleic Acid, Deoxyribo-/Radiation Effects On, Photoreactivation And Repair Of Uv. |
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| Item Description: | Published through SciTech Connect. 10/31/1968. "ornl-p--1364" Comprehensive Biochemistry 27 ASIN: B000P5HGEI;ISBN: 978-1-4831-9716-6 FT. Setlow, Jane K. |
| Physical Description: | 157-209 : digital, PDF file. |