Metrology and physical constants : proceedings of the International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi", course 185, Varenna on Lake Como, Villa Monastero, 17-27 July 2012 / Italian Physical Society ; director of the course A.M. Rossi ; edited by E. Bava and M. Kühne = Metrologia e costanti fisiche : Rendiconti Della Scuola Internazionale Di Fisica "Enrico Fermi", CLXXXV Corso, Varenna Sul Lago Di Como, Villa Monastero, 17-27 Luglio 2012 / Società Italiana Di Fisica ; direttori del corso A.M. Rossi ; a cura di E. Bava e M. Kühne.
The reliability and accuracy of systems of measurement continue to advance. We are about to enter a period of the most stable measurement system we can imagine with the anticipated new definitions of the SI units of measurement; a direct link between fundamental physics and metrology which will elim...
Saved in:
| Online Access: |
Full Text (via ProQuest) |
|---|---|
| Corporate Author: | |
| Other Authors: | , , |
| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Amsterdam, Netherlands :
IOS Press,
2013.
|
| Series: | International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" ;
185. |
| Subjects: |
Table of Contents:
- Title Page; Contents; Preface; Course group shot; Metrology organization; The Metre Convention, the BIPM and the SI; Introduction; The original units of the metric system; The Metre Convention of 1875 and new metric prototypes; First moves towards natural units; Key advances in physics since 1971; The definition of a unit in terms of a fixed numerical value of a fundamental constant; Draft resolution of the 24th CGPM 2011 for the new SI; The choice of a new definition for the kilogram; Practical realization of the new definitions, primary methods; What of the future?
- Mission and role of the BIPM in the 21st centuryIntroduction; Creation of the Metre Convention; The General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM); The International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM) ; The Consultative Committees of the CIPM; The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM); Committees of the BIPM and other international organizations, created for particular tasks of common interest; International liaison; The BIPM and the World Metrological Organization; Conclusion; The CIPM MRA; Introduction; The CIPM MRA: what, why and how?
- The mechanisms of the CIPM MRA and the KCDBInternational comparisons
- Equivalence; Calibration and Measurement Capabilities (CMCs)
- Recognition; How does the CIPM MRA help? ; Conclusions; Mathematical tools in metrology; Error, uncertainty and probability; Introduction; Reference documents; Properties, quantities and units; Stevens' classification; Quantity values
- True value; Measurement, measurand and measurement result; Error and uncertainty; Error; Uncertainty; Error approach vs. uncertainty approach; The GUM approach to uncertainty; Ill-defined measurand and definitional uncertainty.
- Indirect measurementError propagation vs. uncertainty propagation; Evaluating (and propagating) uncertainties
- change of paradigm; Random and systematic effects; Frequentist and Bayesian (or subjective) approaches; No longer room for errors; Coverage intervals-propagation of PDFs; Bayesian inference; Discrete quantities; Conclusions; Frequency instability: Characterization of quasi-periodic signals; Introduction; The frequency-fluctuation description model; Model for the frequency-domain measurements; Measurement systems in the frequency domain; Use of a fringe-side frequency-discriminator.
- Use of a Fabry-Perot with the PDH frequency lockUse of the Michelson interferometer; Characterization of an oscillator by means of cross-correlation; Measurement systems in the time domain; Characterization of a single-oscillator stability by means of cross-variances; The dual-mixer time-difference technique; Time-domain statistical characterization; Relationships between sample variances and spectral densities; Other types of variances; The modified Allan variance (MVAR); Conclusions; Frequency instability: Deterministic contributions and slowly varying noise; Introduction.