Precautionary principle, pluralism and deliberation : science and ethics / Bernard Reber.
This volume tackles the burden of judgment and the challenges of ethical disagreements, organizes the cohabitation of scientific and ethical argumentations in such a way they find their appropriate place in the political decision. It imagines several forms of agreements and open ways of conflicts re...
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
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London, UK :
ISTE Ltd,
[2016]
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| Series: | Responsible research and innovation set ;
volume 4. |
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Table of Contents:
- Cover ; Title Page ; Copyright ; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; Introduction; I.1. From the New World debate to assessing the best of worlds; I.2. Precaution and pluralisms; I.3. Informed decisions and shaping decisions; I.4. Evaluating evaluation; I.5. The search for epistemic and ethical coherence; I.6. Outline of the problem; PART 1: Pluralism between Ethics and Politics in the Context of Prevention; Introduction to Part 1; 1. Burdens of Judgment and Ethical Pluralism of Values; 1.1. The "burdens of judgment" at the root of the "fact of reasonable pluralism"
- 1.2. Burdens of judgment: a critique 1.2.1. Burdens of judgment: a starting point, not an obstacle; 1.2.2. The variable geometry of pluralisms; 1.3. Ethical pluralism of values, from relativism to monism; 1.4. Relativisms and commitments; 1.4.1. Three types of relativism; 1.4.2. Commitments in response to values; 1.5. Opposing monism: conditionality, incompatibility and incommensurability of values; 1.6. Conclusion: decompartmentalizing conflicts of values; 2. Ethical Pluralism of Ethical Theories at the Heart of Evaluation; 2.1. Ordinary morality, anti-theory and skepticism.
- 2.2. What is an ethical theory?2.3. Main ethical theories; 2.4. Pluralism in practical reasoning; 2.4.1. Formal practical reasoning; 2.4.2. Substantial practical reasoning; 2.5. Interactions between normative factors and foundational normative theories; 2.6. Conclusion: conflicts and deliberation in the context of ethical theories; 3. Deliberative Democracy Put to the Test of Ethical Pluralism; 3.1. Participatory exposure; 3.2. Rawls and Habermas: opposing views in support of deliberation; 3.2.1. Rawls: restricted ethics; 3.2.2. Habermas: reliance on undefined arguments.
- 3.3. Deliberating in a democracy 3.4. Desperately seeking arguments&; 3.5. Conclusion: pluralism of moral and political philosophers; Conclusion to Part 1: Mapping the "Should-be" of the Public Sphere; PART 2: Ethical and Political Pluralism in a Context of Precaution; Introduction to Part 2; 4. Deciding on, and in, Uncertainty Using the Precautionary Meta-principle; 4.1. Careless criticisms of the precautionary principle; 4.2. Precautionary principle: components and trigger factors; 4.3. To act, or not to act; 4.4. Clashing scenarios and "grammars" of the future.
- 4.5. Typology of political decisions in the context ofuncertainty 44.6. Conclusion: the deliberative as genre for uncertain futures; 5. Between Sciences and Ethics: A New Quarrel of Faculties?; 5.1. Scientists between attachment and independence; 5.2. Politics of nature; 5.3. The prominent role of values in paradigm changes; 5.4. Relationships between scientific facts, epistemic values and ethical values; 5.5. Conclusion: a Republic of Letters dealing with facts and values; 6. Co-argumentation in a Context of Disciplinary Pluralism; 6.1. Epistemic pluralism and competitive positions.