Strom Thurmond
James Strom Thurmond Sr. (December 5, 1902 – June 26, 2003) was an American politician who represented South Carolina in the United States Senate from 1954 to 2003. Before his 48 years as a senator, he served as the 103rd governor of South Carolina from 1947 to 1951. Thurmond was a member of the Democratic Party until 1964, when he joined the Republican Party. He had earlier run for president in 1948 as the Dixiecrat candidate in opposition to Democrat Harry Truman, receiving over a million votes and winning four states, and endorsed Republican Dwight Eisenhower for president in the 1950s.A staunch opponent of civil rights legislation in the 1950s and 1960s, Thurmond conducted the longest speaking filibuster ever by a lone senator, at 24 hours and 18 minutes in length, in opposition to the Civil Rights Act of 1957. In the 1960s, he voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Despite his support for racial segregation, Thurmond denied the accusation that he was a racist by insisting he was a supporter of states' rights and an opponent of excessive federal authority. Thurmond switched parties ahead of the 1964 United States presidential election, saying that the Democratic Party no longer represented people like him, and endorsed Republican nominee Barry Goldwater, who also opposed the Civil Rights Act. By the 1970s, Thurmond started to moderate his stance on race, but continued to defend his prior support for segregation based on states' rights and Southern society at the time.
As a Republican, Thurmond served three times as President pro tempore of the United States Senate, and chaired the Senate Judiciary Committee from 1981 to 1987 and the Senate Armed Services Committee from 1995 to 1999. He retired in 2003 as the only member of either chamber of Congress to reach the age of 100 while still in office and the oldest-serving senator, and died nearly six months later. His 48 years as a senator, a record at the time, is the fourth-longest in U.S. history behind Robert Byrd, Daniel Inouye, and Patrick Leahy. At 14 years, Thurmond was also the longest-serving Dean of the United States Senate in political history. Provided by Wikipedia
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Communist-front citations of certain leaders of the NAACP / by Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003
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Asia/Pacific, policy and forces report of Senator Strom Thurmond and Senator William L. Scott, with individual views, to the Committee on Armed Services, United States Senate. by Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003
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Asia/Pacific, policy and forces : report of Senator Strom Thurmond and Senator William L. Scott, with individual views, to the Committee on Armed Services, United States Senate. by Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003, Scott, William L., 1915-
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Repealing the Inland Waterways Corporation Act. June 6, 1963. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1963Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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5
Authorizing the promotion of qualified reserve officers of the Air Force to the reserve grades of brigadier general and major general. August 19 (legislative day, August 18), 1965....
Published 1965Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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Amending sections 2734a(a) and 2734b(a) of title 10, United States Code, to provide for settlement, under international agreements, of certain claims incident to the noncombat acti...
Published 1976Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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United Service Organizations, Inc. December 20 (legislative day, December 15), 1979. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1979Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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Unions in the military? / by Cortright, David, 1946-
Published 1977Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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Concurrent resolution relating to establishment of the Naval and Marine Museum in Charleston, S.C. December 12, 1974. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1974Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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10
Concurrent resolution relating to establishment of the Naval and Marine Museum in Charleston, S.C. February 20, 1975. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1975Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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11
Days of remembrance of victims of the Holocaust. September 14 (legislative day, June 21), 1979. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1979Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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12
Providing for travel and transportation allowance to certain members of the uniformed services in connection with leave. November 16, 1973. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1973Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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13
Command of flying units of the Air Force by commissioned officers who have not received aeronautical ratings as pilots. August 15, 1974. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1974Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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14
Continuation pay for medical officers of the uniformed services who are in initial residency training. August 15, 1974. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1974Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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15
Making improvements in the survivor-benefit program for retired military personnel. September 28 (legislative day, September 24), 1976. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1976Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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16
For relief of Roland L. Outlaw and wife. August 10 (legislative day, May 17), 1978. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1978Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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17
National port week. August 10 (legislative day, May 17), 1978. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1978Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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18
Declaring October 13, 1979, as "National Jogging Day." July 11 (legislative day, June 21), 1979. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1979Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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19
United Service Organizations, Inc. December 20 (legislative day, December 15), 1979. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1979Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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For the relief of James R. Thornwell. February 20 (legislative day, January 3), 1980. -- Ordered to be printed.
Published 1980Other Authors: “…Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003…”
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